Unix 系统下的 Nginx 1.4.x

本文档包括使用 PHP-FPM 为 Nginx 1.4.x HTTP 服务器安装和配置 PHP 的说明和提示。

本指南假定您已经从源代码成功构建 Nginx,并且其二进制文件和配置文件都位于 /usr/local/nginx。 如果您使用其他方式获取的 Nginx,请参考 » Nginx Wiki 并对照本文档完成安装。

本文档仅包含 Nginx 服务器的基本配置,它将通过 80 端口提供 PHP 应用的处理能力。 如果您需要超出本文档范围的安装配置指导,建议您查阅 Nginx 和 PHP-FPM 的文档。

需要注意的是,本文档一律使用 'x' 来表示版本号,请根据实际情况将 'x' 替换为对应的版本号。

  1. 建议您访问 Nginx Wiki » 安装 页面以获取并在您的系统上安装 Nginx。

  2. 获取并解压 PHP 源代码:

    tar zxf php-x.x.x
  3. 配置并构建 PHP。在此步骤您可以使用很多选项自定义 PHP,例如启用某些扩展等。 运行 ./configure --help 命令来获得完整的可用选项清单。 在本示例中,我们仅进行包含 PHP-FPM 和 MySQL 支持的简单配置。

    cd ../php-x.x.x
    ./configure --enable-fpm --with-mysql
    make
    sudo make install
  4. 创建配置文件,并将其复制到正确的位置。

    cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/php.ini
    cp /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
    cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm /usr/local/bin
  5. 需要着重提醒的是,如果文件不存在,则阻止 Nginx 将请求发送到后端的 PHP-FPM 模块, 以避免遭受恶意脚本注入的攻击。

    将 php.ini 文件中的配置项 cgi.fix_pathinfo 设置为 0

    打开 php.ini:

    vim /usr/local/php/php.ini

    定位到 cgi.fix_pathinfo= 并将其修改为如下所示:

    cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
  6. 在启动服务之前,需要修改 php-fpm.conf 配置文件,确保 php-fpm 模块使用 www-data 用户和 www-data 用户组的身份运行。

    vim /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf

    找到以下内容并修改:

    ; Unix user/group of processes
    ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
    ; will be used.
    user = www-data
    group = www-data

    然后启动 php-fpm 服务:

    /usr/local/bin/php-fpm

    本文档未涵盖对 php-fpm 进行进一步配置的信息,如果您需要更多信息,请查阅相关文档。

  7. 配置 Nginx 使其支持 PHP 应用:

    vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    修改默认的 location 块,使其支持 .php 文件:

    location / { root html; index index.php index.html index.htm;
    }

    下一步配置来保证对于 .php 文件的请求将被传送到后端的 PHP-FPM 模块, 取消默认的 PHP 配置块的注释,并修改为下面的内容:

    location ~* \.php$ { fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
    }

    重启 Nginx。

    sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
    sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  8. 创建测试文件。

    rm /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
    echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

    打开浏览器,访问 http://localhost,将会显示 phpinfo() 。

通过以上步骤的配置,Nginx 服务器现在可以以 SAPI 模块的方式支持 PHP 应用了。 当然,对于 Nginx 和 PHP 的配置,还有很多可用的选项, 请在对应的源代码目录执行 ./configure --help 来查阅更多配置选项。

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User Contributed Notes 5 notes

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2
junlong666 at gmail dot com
4 months ago
When I tried to install PHP-7.0.1, i got the following warning at step 3:

configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --with-mysql

and other installation guide may have similar issues —— doing a configure with MySQL support (ext/mysql) in PHP 7. The extension was deprecated in the recent version

//wiki.php.net/rfc/remove_deprecated_functionality_in_php7

then you could use ext/mysqli or ext/pdo_mysql instead, for example, configure PHP 7.x with:
./configure --enable-fpm --with-mysqli
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1
Lenny
2 months ago
Building from source is not easy if something is a bit different, and I had a hard time with some directory and configuration options. I was floundering around the web until I found this site that translated from Chinese. No one else had the solution.  I couldn't get php fpm to start until I changed the directory (Item 2.ERROR: Unable to globalize). I had other issues listed but I was able to solve them. Please don't delete this, it is very useful info.

The original site  (it is in Chinese, not my site, but I want to give credit):

(there is some more there, you can goto the site)

blog.dream1987.top/?paged=2

Installation problems:

1. configure: error:. Xml2-config not found Please check your libxml2 installation.

solution:

apt-get install libxml2-dev



2.Warning: Declaration of PEAR_Installer :: download () should be compatible with & PEAR_Downloader :: download ($ params) in phar: ///root/php-7.0.0alpha1/pear/install-pear-nozlib.phar/PEAR /Installer.php on line 43

Warning: Declaration of PEAR_PackageFile_Parser_v2 :: parse () should be compatible with PEAR_XMLParser :: parse ($ data) in phar: ///root/php-7.0.0alpha1/pear/install-pear-nozlib.phar/PEAR/PackageFile/ Parser / v2.php on line 113
[PEAR] Archive_Tar - already installed: 1.3.13
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - already installed: 1.3.1
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- already installed: 1.0.4

Warning: Declaration of PEAR_Task_Replace :: init () should be compatible with PEAR_Task_Common :: init ($ xml, $ fileAttributes, $ lastVersion) in phar: ///root/php-7.0.0alpha1/pear/install-pear-nozlib. phar / PEAR / Task / Replace.php on line 31
[PEAR] XML_Util - already installed: 1.2.3

Warning: Declaration of PEAR_Task_Windowseol :: init () should be compatible with PEAR_Task_Common :: init ($ xml, $ fileAttributes, $ lastVersion) in phar: ///root/php-7.0.0alpha1/pear/install-pear-nozlib. phar / PEAR / Task / Windowseol.php on line 76

Warning: Declaration of PEAR_Task_Unixeol :: init () should be compatible with PEAR_Task_Common :: init ($ xml, $ fileAttributes, $ lastVersion) in phar: ///root/php-7.0.0alpha1/pear/install-pear-nozlib. phar / PEAR / Task / Unixeol.php on line 76
[PEAR] PEAR - already installed: 1.9.5

solution:

Workaround not found (http://pear.php.net/bugs/bug.php?id=20554)

3. Start php-fpm

1.ERROR: failed to open configuration file '/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf': No such file or directory (2)
ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf'
ERROR: FPM initialization failed

solution:

Php-fpm.conf copy files from the source file to that location.

cp /root/php-7.0.0alpha1/sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf

2.ERROR: Unable to globalize '/usr/local/NONE/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf' (ret = 2) from /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf at line 125.
ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf'
ERROR: FPM initialization failed

solution:

Edit /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf document introduced * .conf part, change to the correct path include = / usr / local / etc / php-fpm.d / *. Conf

If there is no /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d directory, create the directory.

3.WARNING: Nothing matches the include pattern '/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf' from /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf at line 125.
ERROR:. No pool defined at least one pool section must be specified in config file
ERROR: failed to post process the configuration
ERROR: FPM initialization failed

solution:

cp www.conf.default www.conf

4.ERROR: [pool www] can not get gid for group 'nobody'
ERROR: FPM initialization failed

solution:

Www.conf open files, user and group users into nginx default settings, usually the default is www-data.
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1
Akash Kumar Sharma
4 months ago
If you get "File not found" error then add "root ROOT_DIR_LOCATION" directive to PHP location block i.e. "location ~* \.php$ { }" , where ROOT_DIR_LOCATION is root directory like "/usr/share/nginx/html" .
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0
nguyentienlong88 at gmail dot com
5 months ago
at step 3, after command "sudo make install"
if there is problem with pear.php.net (https). Need to change this line (from https to http) in Makefile
PEAR_INSTALLER_URL = http://pear.php.net/install-pear-nozlib.phar
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0
nguyentienlong88 at gmail dot com
5 months ago
at step 3, if there is no configure script yet, you need to rebuiding configure script using this command:
  
./buildconf --force