HTTP context 选项

HTTP context 选项HTTP context 的选项列表

说明

提供给 http://// 传输协议的 context 选项。 transports.

可选项

method string

远程服务器支持的 GETPOST 或其它 HTTP 方法。

默认值是 GET

header string

请求期间发送的额外 header 。在此选项的值将覆盖其他值 (诸如 User-agent:Host:Authentication:)。

user_agent string

要发送的 header User-Agent: 的值。如果在上面的 header context 选项中没有指定 user-agent,此值将被使用。

默认使用 php.ini 中设置的 user_agent

content string

在 header 后面要发送的额外数据。通常使用POST或PUT请求。

proxy string

URI 指定的代理服务器的地址。(e.g. tcp://proxy.example.com:5100).

request_fulluri boolean

当设置为 TRUE 时,在构建请求时将使用整个 URI 。(i.e. GET http://www.example.com/path/to/file.html HTTP/1.0)。 虽然这是一个非标准的请求格式,但某些代理服务器需要它。

默认值是 FALSE.

follow_location integer

跟随 Location header 的重定向。设置为 0 以禁用。

默认值是 1

max_redirects integer

跟随重定向的最大次数。值为 1 或更少则意味不跟随重定向。

默认值是 20

protocol_version float

HTTP 协议版本。

默认值是 1.0

Note:

PHP 5.3.0 以前的版本没有实现分块传输解码。 如果此值设置为 1.1 ,与 1.1 的兼容将是你的责任。

timeout float

读取超时时间,单位为秒(s),用 float 指定(e.g. 10.5)。

默认使用 php.ini 中设置的 default_socket_timeout

ignore_errors boolean

即使是故障状态码依然获取内容。

默认值为 FALSE.

更新日志

版本 说明
5.3.4 添加 follow_location
5.3.0 protocol_version 设置为 1.1 时支持分块传输解码。
5.2.10 添加 ignore_errors
5.2.10 header 现在可以是一个数字索引的 array
5.2.1 添加 timeout
5.1.0 Added HTTPS proxying through HTTP proxies. 添加经由 HTTP 代理的 HTTPS 代理。
5.1.0 添加 max_redirects
5.1.0 添加 protocol_version

范例

Example #1 获取一个页面并发送 POST 数据

<?php

$postdata 
http_build_query(
    array(
        
'var1' => 'some content',
        
'var2' => 'doh'
    
)
);

$opts = array('http' =>
    array(
        
'method'  => 'POST',
        
'header'  => 'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
        
'content' => $postdata
    
)
);

$context stream_context_create($opts);

$result file_get_contents('http://example.com/submit.php'false$context);

?>

Example #2 忽略重定向并获取 header 和内容

<?php

$url 
"http://www.example.org/header.php";

$opts = array('http' =>
    array(
        
'method' => 'GET',
        
'max_redirects' => '0',
        
'ignore_errors' => '1'
    
)
);

$context stream_context_create($opts);
$stream fopen($url'r'false$context);

// header information as well as meta data
// about the stream
var_dump(stream_get_meta_data($stream));

// actual data at $url
var_dump(stream_get_contents($stream));
fclose($stream);
?>

注释

Note: Underlying socket stream context options
Additional context options may be supported by the underlying transport For http:// streams, refer to context options for the tcp:// transport. For // streams, refer to context options for the ssl:// transport.

Note: HTTP status line
When this stream wrapper follows a redirect, the wrapper_data returned by stream_get_meta_data() might not necessarily contain the HTTP status line that actually applies to the content data at index 0.

array ( 'wrapper_data' => array ( 0 => 'HTTP/1.0 301 Moved Permantenly', 1 => 'Cache-Control: no-cache', 2 => 'Connection: close', 3 => 'Location: http://example.com/foo.jpg', 4 => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK', ...
The first request returned a 301 (permanent redirect), so the stream wrapper automatically followed the redirect to get a 200 response (index = 4).

add a note

User Contributed Notes 6 notes

up
8
nate
2 years ago
Note that if you set the protocol_version option to 1.1 and the server you are requesting from is configured to use keep-alive connections, the function (fopen, file_get_contents, etc.) will "be slow" and take a long time to complete. This is a feature of the HTTP 1.1 protocol you are unlikely to use with stream contexts in PHP.

Simply add a "Connection: close" header to the request to eliminate the keep-alive timeout:

<?php
// php 5.4 : array syntax and header option with array value
$data = file_get_contents('http://www.example.com/', null, stream_context_create([
   
'http' => [
       
'protocol_version' => 1.1,
       
'header'           => [
           
'Connection: close',
        ],
    ],
]));
?>
up
6
vchampion at gmail dot com
3 years ago
If you use the proxy server and encounter an error "fopen(http://example.com): failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request" note that in many situations you need also set the parameter "request_fulluri" to "true" in your stream options. Without this option the php script sends the empty request to the server as "GET / HTTP/0.0" and the proxy server replies to it with the "HTTP 400" error.

For example (working sample):
<?php
$stream
= stream_context_create(Array("http" => Array("method"  => "GET",
                                                     
"timeout" => 20,
                                                     
"header"  => "User-agent: Myagent",
                                                     
"proxy"   => "tcp://my-proxy.localnet:3128",
                                                     
'request_fulluri' => True /* without this option we get an HTTP error! */
                               
)));

if (
$fp = fopen("http://example.com", 'r', false, $stream) ) {
    print
"well done";
}
?>

P>S> PHP 5.3.17
up
4
gourav sarkar
5 years ago
watch your case when using methods (POST and GET)...it must be always uppercase. in case of you write it in lower case it wont work.
up
1
chris
2 years ago
I had quite a bit of trouble trying to make a request with fopen through a proxy to a secure url.  I kept getting a 400 Bad Request back from the remote host.  It was receiving the proxy url as the SNI host.  In order to get around this I had to explicity set the SNI host to the domain I was trying to reach.  It's apparently the issue outlined in this bug:

//bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=63519

<?php
$domain
= parse_url($file, PHP_URL_HOST);
$proxy_string = "tcp://" . WP_PROXY_HOST  . ":" . WP_PROXY_PORT;
$opts = array(
   
'http' => array( 'proxy' => $proxy_string ),
   
'ssl' => array( 'SNI_enabled' => true, 'SNI_server_name' => $domain));
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$handle = fopen( $file, 'r', false, $context );
?>
up
-1
jay
1 year ago
Remember to match content with Content-type:

<?php

$data
= array(
   
'var1' => 'some content',
   
'var2' => 'doh'
);

$opts = array('http' =>
    array(
       
'method'  => 'POST',
       
'header'  => 'Content-type: application/json'// here...
       
'content' => json_encode($data// and here.
   
)
);

. . .

?>
up
-18
TxRx
6 years ago
Note that if the server is not able to 'getaddresses' change the name to an ip address and that'll sort that out for internal looking calls and posts.